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It is known that cigarette smoke increases
2021-02-09

It is known that cigarette smoke increases the oxidative burden in the lungs of mice with emphysema, which leads to oxidative stress [[34], [35], [36]]. However, in addition to cigarette smoke, studies have shown that endogenous oxidative stress is associated with proteolytic gtpase in several mous
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br RING dimerization RING type domains
2021-02-09

RING dimerization RING-type domains are found in many different structural contexts. While many exist as single-chain BIX 02189 australia (Fig. 3A), a notable feature of RING-type E3s is their tendency to form homodimers and heterodimers (Fig. 3C–F). Homodimeric RING-type E3s include cIAP, RNF4,
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MicroRNA miRNA is a class
2021-02-09

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of highly conserved, non-coding small molecules containing 19–25 nucleotides. miRNAs are involved in the regulation of genes associated with cancer development and progression and therefore can act as oncogenes, by contributing to tumor formation,17, 18 or as tumor suppre
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A second advance came with the discovery that conformational
2021-02-09

A second advance came with the discovery that conformationally-flexible benzamide analogs having an N-phenylpiperazine moiety possessed good affinity and modest selectivity for D3 versus D2 receptors [3,[14], [15], [16]]. This observation spawned a significant effort by medicinal chemists to develop
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3ct mg A recent study revealed that in
2021-02-09

A recent study revealed that in human glioma cells, DNA-PKcs interacted with the regulatory γ subunit of AMPK and positively regulated AMPK phosphorylation and activation under glucose-deprived conditions. This suggested that DNA-PK is an important regulator of AMPK activation in response to energy
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In glioblastoma methylation of pMGMT is predictive of the ef
2021-02-09

In glioblastoma, methylation of pMGMT is predictive of the efficacy of temozolomide with an increased survival [22], [23], [24], [25]. As in glioblastoma [24], [26], [27], [28], pMGMT methylation assessed by pyrosequencing (with immunochemistry, IHC) is the most effective and reproducible technique
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Gossypol One of the therapeutic proteins used in cancer
2021-02-08

One of the therapeutic proteins used in cancer therapy is glucarpidase, also known as Carboxypeptidase G2, CPG2, which originates from the bacterium Variovorax paradoxus (old name, Pseudomonas sp. strain RS-16). It has no mammalian equivalent (Thompson et al., 1994; Kamlage, 1994) and is a zinc-depe
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In the present study we investigated the
2021-02-08

In the present study we investigated the effect of morphine withdrawal on G-protein coupling to opioid and ET receptors in neonatal rats. Morphine-induced G-protein activation was significantly higher in neonatal rats undergoing morphine withdrawal; suggesting enhanced coupling of the receptors to G
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EPAC induces SOCS gene expression in
2021-02-08

EPAC1 induces SOCS3 gene expression in VECs, resulting in suppression of the JAK–STAT activation initiated by the sIL-6Rα/IL-6 trans-signalling complex [67]. EPAC1 regulates SOCS3 gene induction through the activation of C/EBP and c-Jun transcription factors, which interact directly with the SOCS3 p
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dpp-4 inhibitors br Materials and Methods br Results br Disc
2021-02-08

Materials and Methods Results Discussion Viral infection of eukaryotic dpp-4 inhibitors activate signaling pathways both via specific interaction with pattern recognition receptors (TLRs, RIG-I, MDA5) and more nonspecific mechanisms such as accumulation of newly synthesized viral glycoprot
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JNJ-38877605 br Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma Waldenstrom macro
2021-02-08

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) and its subgroup Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) are rare and indolent lymphomas that arise from fully differentiated B cells. The only family of GPCRs that has been well studied in LPL/WM is the chemokin
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In the signaling cascade of
2021-02-08

In the signaling cascade of innate immunity, most of the receptor proteins, adaptor proteins, and kinases are modified by ubiquitination to activate and transduce the downstream signaling for efficient production of the IFN and proinflammatory cytokines to combat the pathogens. For example, the K-63
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion We found
2021-02-08

Materials and methods Results Discussion We found that mRNA expression of PCNA significantly was down-regulated in BCP-ALL cgk following co-treatment with doxorubicin and NU7441 (Fig. 6e). Our result is congruent with Gehen et al. study reporting that down-regulation of PCNA potentiates gr
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In Arabidopsis the quartet qrt
2021-02-08

In Arabidopsis the quartet1 (qrt1) mutant enables the same type of analysis of gametophytes (pollen) in sets of four (tetrads) derived from individual meioses 61., 62.. Pollen tetrads from one accession (Columbia-0) are used to pollinate a second polymorphic accessions (Landsberg erecta) resulting i
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Introduction Rotavirus RV a member of Reoviridae
2021-02-08

Introduction Rotavirus (RV), a member of Reoviridae family, is a non-enveloped virus which has a double-stranded RNA genome of 11 segments surrounded by three concentric protein layers. It has been reported to cause estimated 25% of moderate-to-severe illnesses (Kotloff et al., 2013) and 30% of tot
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