• Since innate immune responses represent the

  2024-08-30

  

  Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin

• br Introduction Cadmium is a

  2024-08-30

  

  Introduction Cadmium is a major component of heavy metal pollution. Phytoremediation is considered to be the more effective method for recovering contaminated soil [[1], [2], [3], [4]] via cadmium absorption, transport, and accumulation. Several cadmium-associated proteins have previously been we

• br Introduction O Dowd et al identified a gene

  2024-08-29

  

  Introduction O’Dowd et al. identified a gene very similar to angiotensin type-1 receptor in 1993 (O’Dowd et al., 1993). The specific selective ligand of this receptor called APJ receptor was determined by Tatemoto et al. in 1998 as apelin (Tatemoto et al., 1998). The high expression of apelin and

• br Introduction The apelin receptor angiotensin receptor

  2024-08-29

  

  Introduction The apelin receptor (angiotensin receptor-like 1, APJ) is a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) that belongs to the class A peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) superfamily [1]. The endogenous ligands of APJ are the different isoforms of apelin (namely apelin-13, −17, and −

• br Results br Discussion Control of

  2024-08-29

  

  Results Discussion Control of chronic inflammation is important in several inflammatory conditions like asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and fibrosis in lung diseases. The regulatory pathways that control chronic inflammation are complex and multi-factorial. Over expression of inflammatory mediato

• While there is much in vivo work on

  2024-08-29

  

  While there is much in vivo work on prion-like Aβ, it has not been shown that one can induce inclusions of Aβ in cultured cells as has been shown for tau and α-synuclein. One reason is practical; Aβ is a low molecular weight metabolite cleaved from within the larger amyloid precursor protein (APP) a

• br The lipoxygenase pathway and

  2024-08-29

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway and microvascular complications of diabetes The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in adipose tissue Only recently has adipose tissue been recognized as a highly metabolically active endocrine organ imparting profound local and systemic inflammatory effects. Adipose tis

• In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein

  2024-08-29

  

  In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta

• br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br

  2024-08-29

  

  Conclusion Conflict of interest Introduction Oral cancer may originate from lips, lower and upper alveolar ridges, hard palate, sublingual region, buccal mucosa, anterior two-thirds of the tongue as well as retromolar trigone and floor of the mouth (World Health Organization, 2013). As the

• br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br

  2024-08-29

  

  Conclusion Conflict of interest Introduction Oral cancer may originate from lips, lower and upper alveolar ridges, hard palate, sublingual region, buccal mucosa, anterior two-thirds of the tongue as well as retromolar trigone and floor of the mouth (World Health Organization, 2013). As the

• br HIF HIF signaling in cancer cells

  2024-08-29

  

  HIF-1α HIF-1α signaling in cancer cells contributes to tumor progression by promoting angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells via secreted modulators 36, 37. One example of a HIF-1α immunosuppressive pathway is through increased expression of inducible n

• Our findings establish a critical link

  2024-08-29

  

  Our findings establish a critical link between HemAC-Lm dimeric structure and cAMP synthesis that helps in explaining how globin-A domain influences AC domain. The following possible homodimeric structure of wild type full length HemAC-Lm has been proposed to explain the role of this globin-A domain

• In the past few years several experimental findings have dem

  2024-08-29

  

  In the past few years, several experimental findings have demonstrated a pivotal involvement of adenosine also in driving the phenotypic switch of macrophages. In particular, the stimulation of A2A and A2B receptors seems to play a critical role in switching macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype [37,6

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder

  2024-08-28

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Anisomycin receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Ex

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by the R D

  2024-08-28

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by the R&D Program of the Institutional Research Program of KRICT (SI1701-02), and by the Next generation carbon upcycling project of Ministry of Science and ICT. JSC is kindly grateful to the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) for fi

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