• To improve the performance of the immunoassay various nanoma

  2021-12-06

  

  To improve the performance of the immunoassay, various nanomaterials including carbon nanospheres [9], gold nanoparticles [10] and transition metal compounds [11] were used to immobilize natural enzymes as the label. Natural enzymes, such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) [12] and glucose oxidase (GOD

• According to the implication of the endocannabinoid system i

  2021-12-06

  

  According to the implication of the endocannabinoid system in IBD, we decided in our laboratory to develop selective CB agonists and FAAH inhibitors to treat these diseases. Recently, we described 3-carboxamido-5-aryl-isoxazoles as selective CB agonists. This series of isoxazoles possesses a 2-subst

• br Histamine H R Many of the

  2021-12-06

  

  Histamine H3R Many of the highlight H3R ligands have been described as suitable pharmacological tools for in vitro or in vivo studies and are designated here. The number of ligands and structural categories is huge, and a number of inclusive reviews of the SAR and properties of H3R ligands have b

• In this study there is a

  2021-12-06

  

  In this study, there is a limitation in the study of sex differences. Only female rats were used in our study. This is because the rats cannot urinate autonomously after SCI. Manual p-Chlorophenylalanine receptor emptying was needed until reflex bladder emptying was established (Lu et al., 2008, Ma

• Oltipraz has been shown to inhibit

  2021-12-06

  

  Oltipraz has been shown to inhibit the growth of HCC keap1-nrf2 pathway and is being evaluated in clinical trials as a potential anti-cancer drug for HCC (Mann et al., 2009; Piton et al., 2005; Yates and Kensler, 2007). The present observation that pre-treatment of tumorigenic liver cells with oltip

• gsk3 inhibitor br Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog

  2021-12-06

  

  Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway (Fig. 1) derives its name from Hh gene mutant Drosophila, which presents a spiked phenotype resembling the animal “hedgehog” [13]. The Hh proteins control embryonic development in vertebrates, where the signaling mechanisms mediated by the proteins are multip

• br Acknowledgements This work has been supported by TSTAR

  2021-12-06

  

  Acknowledgements This work has been supported by TSTAR USDA and Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program Grants to D.B., C.P and R.S. One of us (D.B.) is an established scientist fellow at the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). This research was supported in part by an appoi

• Under most circumstances NO is a potent endogenous vasodilat

  2021-12-06

  

  Under most circumstances, NO is a potent endogenous vasodilator. Therefore, its involvement in an endothelium-dependent contraction seems paradoxical, to say the least. Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the major downstream target of NO; its inhibition results in the lack of vasoconstrictor response

• Ikaros utilizes chromatin remodeling to

  2021-12-06

  

  Ikaros utilizes GSK591 remodeling to activate or repress the transcription of its target genes (Su et al., 2004). Ikaros directly associates with histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 and can recruit them to the upstream regulatory elements of its target genes (Kim et al., 1999, Koipally et al., 199

• A similar symbiotic relationship has

  2021-12-06

  

  A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the brain, where increased gradients of lactate secreted by astrocytes enables neurons to import and use this nutrient, a process referred to the ‘neuron–astrocyte lactate shuttle’ [16]. Similarly, lactate-based metabolic coupling established by

• br Introduction br Mitochondrial dysfunction

  2021-12-06

  

  Introduction Mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer Lactate and succinate as oncometabolites Intracellular actions of lactate and succinate as tumor promoters Cell-surface receptors for lactate and succinate and their role in cancer GPR109A as the receptor for butyrate and β-hydroxybu

• In summary activated A AR exacerbated the reverse

  2021-12-06

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The

  2021-12-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The glucose transporter GLUT1 can be acutely activated or inhibited in L929 fibroblast Quinidine receptor by a wide variety of reagents or nutrient conditions [[9], [10], [11], [12],36,50]. This abrupt change in the activity of GLUT1 occurs within m

• MAPK are involved in a large variety

  2021-12-06

  

  MAPK are involved in a large variety of solid and hematolgical neoplasms and, indeed, several components of the MAPK network have already been proposed as targets in cancer therapy, such as p38, JNK, ERK1/2, MEK1/2, RAF, RAS, DUSP1 and ERK5 [11], [12]. Among them, alteration of the RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ER

• br The signal of ferroptosis ROS generated by

  2021-12-04

  

  The signal of ferroptosis ROS generated by extracellular or intracellular stimuli play a fundamental role in cell and tissue injury in a variety of disease states [47]. Ferroptosis is generally considered as a type of ROS-dependent regulated necrosis [48]. Intracellular iron accumulation and lipi

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